The Double Needle Coptic Stitch

I decided to make a few books with my leather crafting. The nicest looking bind for them thus far is the Coptic stitch. It's time consuming, but definitely worth it in the long run. I think this last one took me 3 days to sew it together. Well, three days of on and off sewing. Using a curved needle is to one's advantage. I killed my fingers trying to pull straight needles through. I haven't tried the single needle Coptic stitch yet, though I suppose it would be wrong for me to start with easy... that's me!

I had a really hard time finding directions that actually went along with the way I learned to do Coptic stitch. So here I'll make them myself. Hopefully photos will be added soon.

First things first.

What you need:

Paper
Book cover
2 needles- curved is best, but straight works too
Thread- The thicker, the wider your spine will be, though the "braided" edge will look nicer!
Needle tool or pin
Bone folder- this is optional, though you need something to crease your paper to a crisp fold

Setting up:
The paper size. It all depends on the size of your cover. When the book is completed, it is typically ideal to have the cover stick out 1/4 of an inch beyond the paper on all sides except for the spine. This protects the paper, and it looks better. For example: If you have paper that is 8 1/2 x 11-regular computer paper- and fold it in half (hamburger way) for your signature, you will have each signature 8 1/2 x 5 1/2. This means your cover should be 9 x 5 3/4.

PS... a signature is a grouping of paper folded in half to form a mini book.

The pages. The book can have as many pages you want. Just make sure each signature is no more than 10 pages. This is a suggestion so that your pages will each be about the same - folding them makes the outer edge take a zigzag shape. Plus, it makes sewing a bit easier.

The thread. You need one piece of thread for every 2 sets of holes. If you want the binding to have 4 rows of "braided" stitching, you need 2 pieces of thread. Each piece should be about an arm length and a half, though if you are working with a lot of paper, take this into consideration.

The jig. No, it's not a fishing lure. The jig is a piece of paper folded to match the height of your signatures so you can make the holes perfect. It helps to either write TOP on one end, or make some other marking to distinguish the direction of your jig.

The holes. You need an even number of holes. This is because you will be stitching from both ends of the thread. I suggest measuring on your jig so your holes are even lengths away from each other. Say we have our folded computer paper signatures. Remember the 8 1/2 x 5 1/2 one? Since the spine is along the 5 1/2 folded side, for a spine with 4 rows of stitching I suggest doing your holes in inch increments with an inch and a half between the middle holes. Use your needle tool or pin and poke holes where you wish. Make sure your holes are in the same place on your cover as well!
Set your jig on the inside of the fold of your first signature and use your needle tool to poke the holes. Repeat on all signatures.

And now the moment you've all been waiting for....


Binding your book:
Start by taking your first signature and from the inside, thread both needles (one on either end of the thread) through your holes. Now with your thread on the outside of the signature, thread down through the hole of your outside cover, and then back into the hole you just came out of. Repeat with the other hole. Now on the inside of the signature, cross the thread and stitch each needle out of the other hole. The thread should lay flat inside the signature.

Now with your thread on the outside of your first signature, thread each needle into the hole of the signature directly above it. This is the only time you will stitch straight up into the next signature without doing the kettle stitch. Don't worry. It's coming.
On the inside of signature 2, cross your threads and exit through the holes.

The Kettle Stitch. Starting with one of your threads- with the needle, reach down and thread behind the threads between the cover and signature 1, and then back out the other side. It's basically a half hitch (a loop with the end pulled through to create a lock). Thread into the hole directly above into signature 3. Same with other side, and then cross inside signature 3 and exit again.

Rinse and repeat.

After you have added all of your signatures, to add the final cover, exit from the last signature, thread up through the outside cover, and back into the same hole you just exited from. Same with the other side. Now inside the last signature, tie the ends of the thread together and cut.

Fin!

Tips:
Make sure when you are stitching, don't pull too tight as you can rip the paper in your signature. On the same note, make sure to pull it somewhat tight as to keep the width of your spine as tight and small as possible.

Some people wax their thread as to prevent it from getting fuzzy. Hey, paper can wear a thread out if you're not careful!

Jazz it up! If you're feeling kinda plain and want some color in your life, try putting a piece of colored paper on the outside of each signature!

I've never tried it, but I've read that if instead of using one long thread, on the inside of signature 1 you can tie off 2 different colored threads... the "braid" on the spine will alternate colors as you ascend to each signature!